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Plastic Surgery

Oculoplasty & Eye Reconstruction

Oculoplasty — also known as oculoplastic or ophthalmic plastic surgery — is a specialized field at the intersection of plastic surgery and ophthalmology, focusing on the eyelids, orbits (eye sockets), brows, cheeks, tear drainage system, and the surrounding facial structures. These delicate areas serve critical roles in protecting the eyes, maintaining normal vision, and contributing to facial expression and appearance. Conditions affecting these structures can be congenital, age-related, traumatic, or disease-related, and they often require the precision of a surgeon trained in both reconstructive techniques and periocular anatomy.

Common oculoplastic conditions include ptosis (drooping of the upper eyelid that can obstruct vision), entropion (inward turning of the eyelid causing the lashes to scratch the cornea), ectropion (outward sagging of the lower eyelid leading to dryness and tearing), thyroid eye disease causing bulging eyes and lid retraction, orbital and periorbital tumors requiring excision and reconstruction, Bell's palsy affecting eyelid closure, tear duct obstruction causing chronic tearing, traumatic injuries to the eyelids and orbit, and congenital malformations of the periocular region.

Dr. Amit Agrawal at Amit Aesthetics in Aligarh provides comprehensive oculoplastic surgical care, drawing on over 29 years of plastic surgery experience. His approach addresses six key anatomical areas — eyelids, eye sockets, brows, midface/cheeks, tear ducts, and the upper face/forehead — employing meticulous microsurgical techniques to restore both function and natural appearance to these highly visible and functionally critical structures.

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Procedures & Techniques

  • Ptosis correction (levator advancement and frontalis sling)
  • Entropion repair (lower lid tightening and retractor reattachment)
  • Ectropion correction (lateral canthal tightening)
  • Blepharoplasty for dermatochalasis (excess eyelid skin)
  • Orbital fracture repair and reconstruction
  • Eyelid tumor excision and reconstruction
  • Dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) for blocked tear ducts
  • Orbital prosthesis fitting and socket reconstruction
  • Brow lift for brow ptosis affecting vision
  • Eyelid reconstruction after trauma or cancer excision

Recovery & Aftercare

Recovery from oculoplastic surgery depends on the specific procedure. Eyelid surgeries such as ptosis correction and entropion repair involve suture removal at five to seven days, with bruising and swelling resolving within two to three weeks. Cold compresses and head elevation are recommended for the first few days. Orbital fracture repair may require avoidance of nose blowing for two to four weeks and restriction of strenuous activity for four to six weeks. Tear duct surgery (DCR) involves nasal stenting for four to six weeks followed by stent removal in the clinic. Most patients return to daily activities within one to two weeks, with final aesthetic results visible at six to eight weeks.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is ptosis and when does a drooping eyelid require surgery?
Ptosis is a drooping of the upper eyelid caused by weakness or detachment of the levator muscle that lifts the lid. Surgery is recommended when the drooping eyelid obstructs the visual axis — even partially blocking the pupil — or when it causes eye fatigue, an asymmetric appearance, or a compensatory head tilt. In children, congenital ptosis requires timely correction to prevent amblyopia (lazy eye). The procedure is performed under local anesthesia in adults and takes approximately one hour.
Can blocked tear ducts in adults be treated surgically?
Yes, chronic tear duct obstruction in adults — causing persistent tearing, discharge, and recurrent infections — is effectively treated with dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR). This procedure creates a new drainage pathway between the tear sac and the nasal cavity, bypassing the blocked duct. It has a success rate exceeding 90% and provides lasting relief from chronic tearing. The surgery can be performed through an external skin incision or endoscopically through the nose.
Is oculoplastic surgery safe for the eyes and vision?
Oculoplastic procedures are designed specifically to protect and preserve vision. In fact, many conditions treated — such as ptosis, entropion, and orbital tumors — directly threaten eye health if left untreated. Dr. Agrawal's training in plastic surgery, combined with a thorough understanding of periocular anatomy, ensures that surgical techniques prioritize both ocular safety and aesthetic outcomes.
What should I expect after eyelid surgery for entropion or ectropion?
After entropion or ectropion repair, you can expect mild swelling and bruising around the eye for one to two weeks. Antibiotic ointment is applied to the suture line, and artificial tears are used to keep the eye moist during healing. Sutures are removed at five to seven days. The eyelid position improves immediately, and the final result stabilizes within four to six weeks. Most patients experience immediate relief from the symptoms — corneal irritation in entropion, or tearing and dryness in ectropion.

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